Tools Used to Administer an Oracle Database

Oracle Universal Installer
Database Configuration Assistant
Database Upgrade Assistant
Oracle Net Manager
Oracle Enterprise Manager
SQL*Plus and iSQL*Plus
Recovery Manager
Oracle Secure Backup
Data Pump
SQL*Loader
Command-line tools

You can use the following tools for installation and upgrade:

Oracle Universal Installer (OUI): Oracle Universal Installer installs your Oracle software and options. It can automatically launch the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) to create a database.

Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA): It creates a database from Oracle-supplied templates. It enables you to copy a preconfigured seed database. Alternatively, you can create your own database and templates.

Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA): This tool guides you through the upgrade of your existing database to a new Oracle release.

Oracle Net Manager: This is used to configure network connectivity for your Oracle databases and applications.

The following tools are used to manage your Oracle instance and database:

Oracle Enterprise Manager (EM): EM combines a graphical console, agents, common services, and tools to provide an integrated and comprehensive system management platform for managing Oracle products. After you have installed the Oracle software, created or upgraded a database, and configured the network, you can use Enterprise Manager as the single interface for managing your database. In addition to providing a Web-based user interface for executing SQL commands, it seamlessly interfaces with other Oracle components that are used to administer your database (for example, Recovery Manager and Scheduler).

The three main Enterprise Manager tools that are used to administer an Oracle database are:

Enterprise Manager Database Console: Used to administer one database
Enterprise Manager Grid Control: Used to administer many databases at the same time
Enterprise Manager Java Console: Used to access tools that are not Web enabled

SQL*Plus: SQL*Plus is the standard command-line interface for managing your database.
iSQL*Plus: iSQL*Plus is a browser-based interface to an Oracle database.

Recovery Manager (RMAN): RMAN is an Oracle tool that provides a complete solution for the backup, restoration, and recovery needs of the entire database or of specific database files.

Oracle Secure Backup provides tape backup management for the Oracle ecosystem, which includes:

Oracle database protection to tape through integration with Recovery Manager
Seamless support of Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
Central administration of distributed clients and media servers including Oracle Application Servers, Oracle Collaboration Suites, Oracle home, and binaries

Data Pump: Data Pump enables the high-speed transfer of data from one database to another. For example, you may want to export a table and import it into another database.

SQL*Loader: The SQL*Loader utility enables the loading of data from an external file into an Oracle database. It is one of several Oracle utilities that you can use to load data into database tables.

Command-line tools:
To administer Enterprise Manager, use:
emctl start | status | set | stop

To stop and start iSQL*Plus, use:
isqlplusctl start | stop

To administer the listener, use:
lsnrctl help | start | status | stop